Role of the LC arousal promoting neurons in maintaining brain criticality across the sleep-wake cycle

Sleep control depends on a delicate interplay among brain regions. This generates a complex temporal architecture with numerous sleep-stage transi-tions and intermittent fluctuations to micro-states and brief arousals within sleep stages. These temporal dynamics exhibit hallmarks of criticality, suggest-ing that tuning to criticality is essential for spontaneous sleep-stage and arousal transitions. However, how the brain maintains criticality remains not under-stood. Here, we investigate dynamics of