CFD simulation of outdoor ventilation of generic urban configurations with different urban densities and equal and unequal street widths

计算流体力学 通风(建筑) 气象学 风向 风速 环境科学 雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程 风洞 气流 建筑CFD 海洋工程 机械 工程类 地理 物理 机械工程
作者
R Rubina Ramponi,Bje Bert Blocken,LB de Coo,WD Wendy Janssen
出处
期刊:Building and Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:92: 152-166 被引量:248
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.04.018
摘要

Outdoor ventilation is very important for a healthy and livable urban environment. It is strongly influenced by wind speed and direction, which in turn are affected by urban morphology. This paper first provides a detailed review of the literature for CFD studies of outdoor ventilation for generic urban configurations. The review indicates that there is a clear lack of studies for urban configurations where not all parallel streets have equal street widths. Next, the paper presents Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of outdoor ventilation for generic configurations with parallel streets of equal and unequal street widths. The 3D steady RANS equations with the standard k–ɛ model and the passive scalar transport equation are used to calculate the effective local mean age of air at pedestrian level as an indicator of pollutant removal efficiency. The study is based on grid-convergence analysis and on validation with previously published wind-tunnel measurements. The influence of a central and wider main street on the wind-velocity pattern and on the effective local mean age of air of the surrounding area is analyzed for different wind directions. For wind directions oblique or perpendicular to the main street, the presence of this main street generally improves the ventilation efficiency because the main street acts as a sink of clean air. However, this is generally not the case for the parallel wind direction, where the higher flow rate through the main street reduces the flow rates through the parallel narrower streets, negatively affecting their ventilation efficiency.
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