Evaluation framework ACR-UFDR for urban form disaster resilience under rainstorm and flood scenarios: A case study in Nanjing, China

The impact of urban form on coping with uncertain disturbances and achieving urban resilience is significant. Research on the quantitative assessment of urban form resilience is lacking, and almost no studies have focused on specific disaster scenarios. This study proposed an urban form disaster resilience (UFDR) evaluation framework, ACR-UFDR, for rainstorm disaster scenarios, based on an evaluation indicator system constructed around "absorption, coping, recovery and adaptation." Using the central urban area of Nanjing, China, as a case study, we employed a combined weighting method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method to assess and analyze the UFDR and its spatiotemporal evolution from 2015 to 2020. The results indicate: (1) an overall increase in UFDR from 2015 to 2020, accompanied by a gradual narrowing of regional differences; (2) the irregular spatiotemporal distribution of UFDR reflects the complex interplay between resilience capacities and urban form elements; (3) a well-balanced integration of "absorption, coping, recovery and adaptation" enhances the UFDR. Ultimately, we provided targeted suggestions for the study area. The evaluation framework of this study is reliable and applicable, providing support for urban flood disaster management and sustainable development.