Research progress of interface protective layer materials in zinc anode

ZIBs have been extensively studied due to the advantages of zinc metal as an anode material, such as its high energy storage capabilities and abundance of resources. However, the steric irregularities (dendrites, moss, etc.) and severe side reactions of the usual Zn deposition morphology often lead to suboptimal battery performance. Poor Coulombic efficiency (CE) and short cycle life are common issues that fundamentally limit the commercial development of ZIBs. Constructing a defensive layer at the interface is deemed a successful way to sustain Zn anodes stabilized. In this review, starting from the classification of functional materials, the developments in the creation of zinc anode interface protective layer (IPLs) are examined, particularly focusing on the various preparation techniques, mechanism studies, and device properties. The challenge of zinc anode instability is first discussed from the mechanism of zinc dendrite formation and the reasons for the possibility of side reactions occurring, and then a comprehensive summary of IPL functions and design criteria is presented. In conclusion, the issues, possible solutions and opportunities for continued exploration of zinc anode IPL are discussed to stimulate research into more advanced ZIBs.