Exploring the properties of gelatin/chitosan bioaerogel scaffolds: Toward ultra‐light and highly porous materials

Abstract This study investigates the development and characterization of chitosan, gelatin, and chitosan/gelatin (Chi/Gel) bioaerogel composites through a facile and eco‐friendly approach. The goal is to optimize their structural and functional properties for potential environmental and biomedical applications. Direct freezing and lyophilization approach were used to prepare the aerogels, the focus was on investigating the effects of blending ratios on the density, porosity, surface area, and water absorption capabilities of the aerogels. The results show that Chi/Gel 60/40 composition achieved an optimal balance of structural robustness and functional performance, characterized by a moderate density of 74.2 mg/cm 3 , the highest porosity among the samples at 93.5%, an impressive surface area of 184.8 m 2 /g, and a water absorption capacity of 28.8 g/g. These results suggest that the synergistic effect of chitosan and gelatin at specific ratios significantly enhances the overall properties of the material. Our findings suggest that Chi/Gel bioaerogels, especially the 60/40 composite, hold great promise for diverse applications. Highlights All Gelatin/Chitosan bioaerogels exhibited high porosity and low density. The Chi/Gel 60/40 mix achieved the highest porosity and surface area. Highest water adsorption was observed in the Chi/Gel 60/40 composite. Synergistic effects enhanced properties of the Gelatin/Chitosan scaffolds.