微塑料
沉淀
环境科学
生态系统
沉积(地质)
塑料污染
生态学
环境工程
地质学
沉积物
生物
古生物学
作者
Rakesh Kumar,Prabhakar Sharma,Anurag Verma,Prakash Kumar Jha,Prabhakar Singh,Pankaj Kumar Gupta,Ravish Chandra,P. V. Vara Prasad
出处
期刊:Water
[MDPI AG]
日期:2021-09-30
卷期号:13 (19): 2710-2710
被引量:131
摘要
Microplastic disposal into riverine ecosystems is an emergent ecological hazard that mainly originated from land-based sources. This paper presents a comprehensive review on physical processes involved in microplastics transport in riverine ecosystems. Microplastic transport is governed by physical characteristics (e.g., plastic particle density, shape, and size) and hydrodynamics (e.g., laminar and turbulent flow conditions). High-density microplastics are likely to prevail near riverbeds, whereas low-density particles float over river surfaces. Microplastic transport occurs either due to gravity-driven (vertical transport) or settling (horizontal transport) in river ecosystems. Microplastics are subjected to various natural phenomena such as suspension, deposition, detachment, resuspension, and translocation during transport processes. Limited information is available on settling and rising velocities for various polymeric plastic particles. Therefore, this paper highlights how appropriately empirical transport models explain vertical and horizontal distribution of microplastic in riverine ecosystems. Microplastics interact, and thus feedback loops within the environment govern their fate, particularly as these ecosystems are under increasing biodiversity loss and climate change threat. This review provides outlines for fate and transport of microplastics in riverine ecosystems, which will help scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders in better monitoring and mitigating microplastics pollution.
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