Self-Explaining Icons

Abstract Icons have been in use for a very long time, as early as the Middle Ages complex iconic systems had been developed such as the heraldic coats of arms and systems of astrological signs. In modern society everyone is familiar with icons, both in and out of work: for example, icons on the toilet door, iconic road signs and complex icons on electronic goods. From the everyday context of living to the packaging for the latest products, one encounters icons as a daily occurrence. In the computer world, the use of icons has been an extension of their traditional uses but computer and related technologies offer the unique possibility of exploiting animation and interaction. Furthermore, a computer interface language which consisted entirely of icons would have many advantages. It would avoid the need for foreign language translation, it would assist those with language and learning difficulties and it would help in the teaching of new systems. To explore the design of such an iconic system, we look first at the communication process.