Juvenile hormone as a physiological regulator mediating phenotypic plasticity in pancrustaceans

多酚类物质 生物 保幼激素 蜕皮 昆虫 节肢动物 表型可塑性 蜕皮 进化生物学 变形 发育可塑性 动物 生态学 幼虫 可塑性 热力学 物理
作者
Toru Miura
出处
期刊:Development Growth & Differentiation [Wiley]
卷期号:61 (1): 85-96 被引量:26
标识
DOI:10.1111/dgd.12572
摘要

Phenotypic plasticity and polyphenism, in which phenotypes can be changed depending on environmental conditions, are common in insects. Several studies focusing on physiological, developmental, and molecular processes underlying the plastic responses have revealed that similar endocrine mechanisms using juvenile hormone (JH) are used to coordinate the flexible developmental processes. This review discusses accumulated knowledge on the caste polyphenism in social insects (especially termites), the wing and the reproductive polyphenisms in aphids, and the nutritional polyphenism and sexual dimorphism in stag beetles. For the comparison with non-insect arthropods, extensive studies on the inducible defense (and reproductive polyphenism) in daphnids (crustacean) are also addressed. In all the cases, JH (and methyl farnesoate in daphnids) plays a central role in mediating environmental stimuli with morphogenetic processes. Since the synthetic pathways for juvenoids, i.e., the mevalonate pathway and downstream pathways to sesquiterpenoids, are conserved across pancrustacean lineages (crustaceans and hexapods including insects), the evolution of developmental regulation by juvenoids that control molting (ecdysis) and metamorphosis is suggested to have occurred in the ancestral arthropods. The discontinuous postembryonic development (i.e., molting) and the regulatory physiological factors (juvenoids) would have enabled plastic developmental systems observed in many arthropod lineages.
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