International Trends in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma Incidence

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. METHODS: We estimated average annual percent change and analyzed age-period-cohort trends on population-based cancer data. RESULTS: We found decreases in squamous cell carcinoma incidence in half of male populations (largest decrease in US black males [average annual percent change −7.6]) and increases in adenocarcinoma incidence in nearly a third of populations. Trends may be associated with a mix of birth cohort and period effects. DISCUSSION: More complete data and evidence are needed to conclude the reasons for the observed trends (see Visual Abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 4, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B823).