石油化工
汽油
废物管理
蒸馏
原材料
炼油厂
炼油厂
催化裂化
碳氢化合物
低密度聚乙烯
辛烷值
环境科学
燃料油
石油
热解
石脑油
焚化
精炼(冶金)
开裂
石油产品
材料科学
聚乙烯
化学
有机化学
催化作用
工程类
冶金
作者
Norbert Miskolczi,László Bartha,A. Angyal,I. Valkai
摘要
Each year more than 300 M tons of plastic wastes are generated worldwide. Chemical recycling of waste polymers from households and industrial companies (e.g. HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS etc.) is one of the best methods for their utilization and converting to valuable hydrocarbon products. According to preliminary calculations the cost of refineries could be considerably decreased with recycled wastes. Several oil companies with or without other chemical companies developing plastic waste recycling processes, and other laboratories also work on this field. In our experimental work thermal and thermo-catalytic cracking of different waste polymers were developed in a gas heated horizontal tube reactor using ~500°C temperature. Products were separated into fractions of gases, gasoline, middle distillates and heavy oil. It was found that plastic wastes could be converted into gasoline and middle distillates with yields of 2535% and 35-45% depending on the applied parameters of pyrolysis. Yields of lighter hydrocarbons were increasing with temperature and residence time. The structure of hydrocarbons was mainly depending on the raw materials. Products had significant content of unsaturated hydrocarbons, mainly a-olefins, quality of which were improved by laboratory hydrogenation. Gasoline had high octane numbers (80 75) in case of middle distillates, furthermore gases are able to partly provide the energy consumption of the process. These properties are advantageous for fuellike applications, and productivity of refinery could be increased.
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