Electromagnetic fields around silver nanoparticles and dimers

离散偶极子近似 分子物理学 偶极子 激发 四极 粒子(生态学) 纳米颗粒 电场 二聚体 等离子体子 粒径 材料科学 物理 原子物理学 化学 纳米技术 核磁共振 光电子学 物理化学 海洋学 地质学 量子力学 有机化学
作者
Encai Hao,George C. Schatz
出处
期刊:Journal of Chemical Physics [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:120 (1): 357-366 被引量:1797
标识
DOI:10.1063/1.1629280
摘要

We use the discrete dipole approximation to investigate the electromagnetic fields induced by optical excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances of silver nanoparticles, including monomers and dimers, with emphasis on what size, shape, and arrangement leads to the largest local electric field (E-field) enhancement near the particle surfaces. The results are used to determine what conditions are most favorable for producing enhancements large enough to observe single molecule surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Most of the calculations refer to triangular prisms, which exhibit distinct dipole and quadrupole resonances that can easily be controlled by varying particle size. In addition, for the dimer calculations we study the influence of dimer separation and orientation, especially for dimers that are separated by a few nanometers. We find that the largest /E/2 values for dimers are about a factor of 10 larger than those for all the monomers examined. For all particles and particle orientations, the plasmon resonances which lead to the largest E-fields are those with the longest wavelength dipolar excitation. The spacing of the particles in the dimer plays a crucial role, and we find that the spacing needed to achieve a given /E/2 is proportional to nanoparticle size for particles below 100 nm in size. Particle shape and curvature are of lesser importance, with a head to tail configuration of two triangles giving enhanced fields comparable to head to head, or rounded head to tail. The largest /E/2 values we have calculated for spacings of 2 nm or more is approximately 10(5).
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