Role of graphene in metal matrix functional composites: a review

Many research articles on graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites (Gr-MMC) primarily address two main aspects: processing techniques (for uniform dispersion and interfacial bonding of graphene in the matrix) and improvement in mechanical strength. However, the functional properties of Gr-MMC are susceptible to graphene parameters, such as its structural and morphological type, defect density and so on. A systematic approach is necessary to understand the significance of the inherent properties of graphene and the usage of its derivatives, architecture and processing parameters for fabricating the composites. In this review, the intrinsic properties of graphene and its derivatives are precisely discussed along with its production methods and the functional properties such as electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and chemical properties. Further, the manufacturing techniques of graphene-reinforced metal matrix functional composites (Gr-MMFC) are concisely elucidated. The significant effect of graphene and its derivatives in Gr-MMFC are prominently identified and schematically represented in their subdivisions. The enhancing features of Gr-MMFC properties are keenly denoted, which include different composite architectures, interfaces, graphene orientation, arrangement, and its 3-D connectivity network. It is recommended that the desired properties of Gr-MMFC be enhanced via additive manufacturing techniques, primarily as functionally graded materials and the fusion of multi-materials.