A Review on Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Quinazolines and Pyrimidines

Heterocyclic compounds has become a significant role in human life due to the different uses of these compounds. This type of compounds found strong attention among chemists and interested by studying the methods of their synthesis and study their properties. Heterocyclic compounds used in different fields like medicine, pharmacy, agriculture and industry and widely credited for development of human life. Study of these compounds occupies a prominent place in the science of chemistry. Heterocyclic compounds as known it is contain two different types of atoms in their structure so it was great interest in the synthesis and study their chemical, physical characteristics and spectral characteristics. Heterocyclic chemistry comprises at least half of all organic chemistry research worldwide. In particular, heterocyclic structures form the basis of many pharmaceutical, agrochemical and veterinary products. Heterocycles make up an exceedingly important class of compounds. In fact more than half of all known organic compounds are heterocycles. Many natural drugs such as quinine, palavering, emetine, theophylline, atropine, procaine, codeine, morphine and reserving are heterocycles. Almost all the compounds we know as synthetic drugs such as diazepam, chlorpromazine, ionized, metronidazole, azidothymidine, barbiturates, antipyrine, captopril and methotrexate are also heterocycles. Some dyes, luminophores, pesticides and herbicides are also heterocyclic in nature. One of the main objectives of organic and medicinal chemistry is the design, synthesis and production of molecules having value as human therapeutic agents. There are numerous biologically active molecules with six-membered rings, containing two Review Article Al-Ebaisat; ACSj, 6(4): 213-223, 2015; Article no.ACSj.2015.053 214 hetero atoms. The development of research on biological activity of quinazoline compounds started when the compound 2-methyl-1, 3-aryl-4-quinazoline derivative was synthesized. This compound has soporific and sedative action. Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring. pyrimidine has many properties in common with pyridine, as the number of nitrogen atoms in the ring increases the ring pi electrons become less energetic and electrophilic aromatic substitution gets more difficult while nucleophilic aromatic substitution gets easier. In this report has been explained different methods synthesis of these compounds and study their spectral properties. I hope to benefit chemists and who interested in studying this type of compounds.