Candidalysin, a Virulence Factor of Candida albicans, Stimulates Mast Cells by Mediating Cross-Talk Between Signaling Pathways Activated by the Dectin-1 Receptor and MAPKs

脱颗粒 白色念珠菌 趋化因子 MAPK/ERK通路 白色体 生物 信号转导 细胞因子 肿瘤坏死因子α 发病机制 微生物学 流式细胞术 免疫学 免疫系统 受体 细胞生物学 生物化学
作者
Pu Song,Ge Peng,Hainan Yue,Takasuke Ogawa,Shigaku Ikeda,Ko Okumura,Hideoki Ogawa,François Niyonsaba
出处
期刊:Journal of Clinical Immunology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:42 (5): 1009-1025
标识
DOI:10.1007/s10875-022-01267-9
摘要

PurposeAlthough mast cells (MCs) modulate the activity of effector cells during Candida albicans infection, their role in the pathogenesis of candidiasis remains unclear. Candidalysin, a C. albicans-derived peptide toxin, is a crucial factor in fungal infections. We aimed to investigate the effect of candidalysin on MC activation and the underlying molecular mechanism.MethodsSerum from candidalysin-immunized mice was used to measure candidalysin expression in patients infected with C. albicans. MC degranulation and migration were evaluated by β-hexosaminidase release assay and chemotaxis assay, respectively. EIA and ELISA were used to evaluate the production of eicosanoids and cytokines/chemokines, respectively. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured with a DAF-FM diacetate kit, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was analyzed by flow cytometry. MAPK activation was evaluated by Western blotting.ResultsWe detected high candidalysin expression in the lesions of patients infected with C. albicans, and the MC number was increased in these lesions. LL-37 colocalized with MCs in the lesions of candidiasis patients. Candidalysin-enhanced MC accumulation in mice and treating LAD2 and HMC-1 cells with candidalysin induced their degranulation, migration, and production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, eicosanoids, ROS, NO, and LL-37. Interestingly, C. albicans strains lacking candidalysin failed to induce MC activation. Moreover, candidalysin increased dectin-1 expression, and the inhibition of dectin-1 decreased MC activation. Downstream dectin-1 signaling involved the MAPK pathways.ConclusionThe finding that candidalysin causes cutaneous MC activation may improve our understanding of the role of MCs in the pathology of cutaneous C. albicans infection.
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