Laminin‑chitosan‑PLGA conduit co‑transplanted with Schwann and neural stem cells to repair the injured recurrent laryngeal nerve

The aim of the present study was to assess the possibility and efficacy of utilizing a laminin‑chitosan‑poly (lactic‑co‑glycolic acid), otherwise known as laminin‑chitosan‑PLGA, nerve conduit with the co‑transplantation of Schwann and neural stem cells to repair peripheral nerve defects. Previous in vitro experiments have demonstrated that the three‑dimensional structure of the built in fiber filament electrospinning of laminin‑chitosan‑PLGA nerve conduit is beneficial to the migration and regeneration of nerve cells, and has notable mechanical strength and plasticity. It is able to provide support in the neural tissue regeneration process, and has the ability to degrade itself once peripheral nerves complete their regeneration, providing more advantages than other biological and synthetic materials. In the present study, 132 female Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish an animal model of laryngeal nerve injury, and the rats were randomly divided into six groups for experimentation. The nerve conduit was prepared and co‑cultured with Schwann and neural stem cells, and micro‑surgical techniques were used to repair the 5‑mm‑long recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries. Functional and histological assessments were performed at 8 and 12 weeks post‑surgery, respectively. The results revealed that the laminin‑chitosan‑PLGA nerve conduit combined with Schwann and neural stem cells was able to promote nerve regeneration (P<0.05), and its effect was superior to those of the autograft (P<0.05). The results of the present study suggest that this is the ideal method for repairing peripheral nerve defects, and cells in the graft may promote nerve regeneration.