风化作用
地下水
沉积岩
地球科学
自然(考古学)
地球化学
重金属
地质学
环境科学
土壤水分
环境化学
土壤科学
化学
岩土工程
古生物学
出处
期刊:Interface Science and Technology
日期:2005-01-01
卷期号:: 1-27
被引量:93
标识
DOI:10.1016/s1573-4285(05)80020-1
摘要
This chapter provides a general introduction into the different heavy metal sources such as magmatic, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, weathering and soil formation, the rock cycle, the origin of heavy metals in surface and groundwater as well as in the atmosphere, and anthropogenic sources stemming from human activities such as industrial production and agriculture. There are different sources for heavy metals in the environment. These sources can be both of natural or anthropogenic origin. The chapter discusses the general classification of magrnatic rocks (effusiva and intrusiva) showing principal minerals and their chemical composition, general classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks, soil horizons that develop in a temperate humid climate, layer structures of two-layer minerals, and heavy metals in water and groundwater. Heavy metals are mainly introduced into groundwater by agricultural and industrial activities, landfilling, mining, and transportation. There are various possibilities for the fate and transport of heavy metals in soil and groundwater.
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