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The hidden brain-state dynamics of tACS aftereffects

经颅交流电刺激 脑磁图 神经科学 大脑活动与冥想 静息状态功能磁共振成像 脑刺激 动态功能连接 默认模式网络 心理学 刺激 神经影像学 人脑 磁刺激 计算机科学 认知心理学 脑电图 功能磁共振成像
作者
Florian H. Kasten,Christoph S. Herrmann
出处
期刊:NeuroImage [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:264: 119713-119713 被引量:22
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119713
摘要

Non-invasive techniques to electrically stimulate the brain such as transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS/tACS) are increasingly used in human neuroscience and offer potential new avenues to treat brain disorders. Previous research has shown that stimulation effects may depend on brain-states. However, this work mostly focused on experimentally induced brain-states over the course of several minutes. Besides such global, long-term changes in brain-states, previous research suggests, that the brain is likely to spontaneously alternate between states in sub-second ranges, which is much closer to the time scale at which it is generally believed to operate. Here, we utilized Hidden Markov Models (HMM) to decompose magnetoencephalography data obtained before and after tACS into spontaneous, transient brain-states with distinct spatial, spectral and connectivity profiles. Only one out of four spontaneous brain-states, likely reflecting default mode network activity, showed evidence for an effect of tACS on the power of spontaneous α-oscillations. The identified state appears to disproportionally drive the overall (non-state resolved) tACS effect. No or only marginal effects were found in the remaining states. We found no evidence that tACS influenced the time spent in each state. Although stimulation was applied continuously, our results indicate that spontaneous brain-states and their underlying functional networks differ in their susceptibility to tACS. Global stimulation aftereffects may be disproportionally driven by distinct time periods during which the susceptible state is active. Our results may pave the ground for future work to understand which features make a specific brain-state susceptible to electrical stimulation.
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