医学
彭布罗利珠单抗
阿维鲁单抗
肿瘤科
内科学
转移性尿路上皮癌
免疫检查点
膀胱癌
癌
梅克尔细胞癌
免疫疗法
癌症
尿路上皮癌
作者
Satoru Taguchi,Taketo Kawai,Tohru Nakagawa,Haruki Kume
出处
期刊:Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2023-12-18
卷期号:54 (3): 254-264
被引量:2
摘要
Abstract The management of advanced (locally advanced or metastatic) urothelial carcinoma has been revolutionized since pembrolizumab was introduced in 2017. Several prognostic factors for advanced urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab have been reported, including conventional parameters such as performance status and visceral (especially liver) metastasis, laboratory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, sarcopenia, histological/genomic markers such as programmed cell death ligand 1 immunohistochemistry and tumor mutational burden, variant histology, immune-related adverse events, concomitant medications in relation to the gut microbiome, primary tumor site (bladder cancer versus upper tract urothelial carcinoma) and history/combination of radiotherapy. The survival time of advanced urothelial carcinoma has been significantly prolonged (or ‘doubled’ from 1 to 2 years) after the advent of pembrolizumab, which will be further improved with novel agents such as avelumab and enfortumab vedotin. This review summarizes the latest evidence on clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of advanced urothelial carcinoma in the contemporary era of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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