Fabrication of porous noble metal nanoparticles based on laser ablation toward water and dealloying for biosensing

Porous noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied in biosensing owing to the excellent properties of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), catalytic and large surface-to-volume ratio. A fabrication strategy combining laser ablation toward water (LATW) with dealloying was developed for easy preparation of porous noble metal NPs, especially porous gold NPs (pAu NPs) and porous platinum NPs (pPt NPs) for biosensing. pAu NPs were explored for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of rhodamine 6G, achieving a detection limit of 10-8 M rhodamine 6G and the enhancement factor of 4.3 × 105. Moreover, based on the azo reaction between 4-aminothiophenol with nitrite, nitrite in the concentration range of 20 ∼ 100 μM was precisely detected by SERS of pAu NPs. pPt NPs were modified on the working electrode for the electrochemical sensing. Compared with Pt NPs and Pt/Ag NPs, pPt NPs modified electrode exhibited the best H2O2 detection performance with a good linear range of 0 ∼ 52.5 mM H2O2 and a good stability for one month. The well integration of LATW with dealloying provides an effective strategy for fabrication of various porous metal NPs, which are potentially applied in imaging, photothermal, drug delivery, molecular sensing and so on.