Abstract Domestic sewage treatment plant is an important environmental unit in the city. The hydrolysis acidification process after the overhaul of the sewage treatment plant usually had a more than three-month’s slow started-up and run unstable, seriously affecting the daily operation and also existing big environmental risks. This paper mainly expounds the factors affecting rapid start-up such as the type of inoculating sludge, the amount of sludge, the hydraulic conditions and the bacteria start-up agent for hydrolytic acidifying bacteria. The start-up speed and operation effects of hydrolysis acidification process were improved by adjusting process parameters.