Clinical and pathological significance of proliferation index and p53 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Purpose The purpose of our work was to investigate the association between proliferative index [proIDX] and expression index p53 (p53IDX) with the clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods The biopsy material of 90 patients operated on for gastric cancer was routinely processed in paraffin and archived. After the histopathological report was made, two study groups were formed, the first group (n=45) comprised biopsies with intestinal carcinoma and the second (n=45) biopsies of diffuse gastric cancer. In both cases, the control group consisted of biopsies of surrounding non-tumor tissue The routine Hematoxylin-Eosin and immunohistochemical ABC method with anti-Ki67 and anti-p53 antibodies was applied at sections 3-5 μm thick. The expression of Ki67 and p53 was quantified stereometrically. For statistical analysis SPSS (19.0) was used. Results Significantly higher Ki67 expression was found in both types of adenocarcinoma compared to the control group, as well as significant association of proIDX with most of testing parameters. Expression of p53 was significantly higher in the intestinal type compared to the diffuse type and the control group and was significantly associated with age and histological grade. Diffuse type particulary showed, significant association of p53IDX with most of the histological parameters tested. Conclusion Our results point a highly significant correlation of the Ki67 and p53 expression with indicators of gastric adenocarcinoma progression, which may help to identify patients with an aggressive gastric adenocarcinoma phenotype.