MOF-Derived CeO2 Nanorod as a Separator Coating Enabling Enhanced Performance for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

The deployment of Li-S batteries in the commercial sector faces obstacles due to their low electrical conductivity, slow redox reactions, quick fading of capacity, and reduced coulombic efficiency. These issues stem from the "shuttle effect" associated with lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). In this work, a haystack-like CeO₂ derived from a cerium-based metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) is obtained for the modification of a polypropylene separator. The carbon framework and CeO₂ coexist in this haystack-like structure and contribute to a synergistic effect on the restriction of LiPSs shuttling. The carbon network enhances electron transfer in the conversion of LiPSs, improving the rate performance of the battery. Moreover, CeO₂ enhances the redox kinetics of LiPSs, effectively reducing the "shuttle effect" in Li-S batteries. The Li-S battery with the optimized CeO₂ modified separator shows an initial discharge capacity of 870.7 mAh/g at 2 C, maintaining excellent capacity over 500 cycles. This research offers insights into designing functional separators to mitigate the "shuttle effect" in Li-S batteries.