Sub-microwave wavelength localization of Rydberg superatoms

With the interaction among one optical probe field and pairs of standing microwaves in the configuration of Rydberg-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency, we study theoretically the sub-microwave wavelength localization of Rydberg superatoms in two and three dimensions. Composited by an ensemble of Rydberg atoms with strong dipole–dipole interactions, a superatom can be localized within the microwave wavelength through the position-dependent atom–field interaction. By measuring the absorption spectrum from the optical probe field, a single position of Rydberg superatoms with high precision can be obtained, depending on the probe field detuning and phase shifts associated with the standing microwaves.