Adverse side effects of anticancer drugs in treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The introduction of acute leukemia chemotherapy programs in clinical practice improved effectiveness of treatment and patients' survival rate. However there is a high incidence of anticancer drugs toxicity leading to a decrease in therapeutic effect of treatment. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a leader among oncohematological pathologies in childhood and adolescence. Its share is 20 % of all malignancies and up to 75% of all leukemias. Treatment for ALL in childhood is one of the most impressive achievements of medicine in recent years. Modern chemotherapy programs can achieve healing in 80 % of patients with ALL, and the researchers are facing new challenges to achieve a high safety profile of treatment. Chemotherapy toxicity frequency varies from 5% to 30 %. This review presents summarized literature analysis on the clinical symptoms of toxic reactions and the ways to prevent and correct developed adverse drug reactions.