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Metabolically healthy obesity, transition from metabolic healthy to unhealthy status, and carotid atherosclerosis

肥胖 腰围 超重 体质指数 代谢综合征 医学 置信区间 内科学 逻辑回归 血压 人口 内分泌学 环境卫生 人口学 社会学
作者
Qin Huang,Zeyu Liu,Minping Wei,Jie Feng,Qing Huang,Yunhai Liu,Zunjing Liu,Xiaojun Li,Yin Li,Jian Xia
出处
期刊:Diabetes-metabolism Research and Reviews [Wiley]
卷期号:40 (2) 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1002/dmrr.3766
摘要

Abstract Background Evidence of the effects of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) on atherosclerosis is limited; the transition effects of metabolic health and obesity phenotypes have been ignored. We examined the association between metabolic health and the transition to atherosclerosis risk across body mass index (BMI) categories in a community population. Methods This cross‐sectional study was based on a national representative survey that included 50,885 community participants aged ≥40 years. It was conducted from 01 December 2017 to 31 December 2020, in 13 urban and 13 rural regions across Hunan China. Metabolic health was defined as meeting less than three abnormalities in blood pressure, glucose, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, or waist circumference. The participants were cross‐classified at baseline based on their metabolic health and obesity. In addition, the relationship between atherosclerosis and transitions in metabolic health status based on 4733 participants from baseline to the second survey after 2 years was considered. The relationship between metabolic health status and the risk of transition to Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) was assessed using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Results In this study, the mean age of the participants was 60.7 years (standard deviation [SD], 10.91), 53.0% were female, and 51.2% had CA. As compared with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHN), those with MHO phenotype (odd ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.21), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19–1.35), metabolically unhealthy overweight (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.33–1.48), and metabolically unhealthy obese (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.44–1.64) had higher risk for CA. However, during the follow‐up of 2 years, almost 33% of the participants transitioned to a metabolically unhealthy status. As compared with stable healthy normal weight, transition from metabolically healthy to unhealthy status (hazard ratios [HR] 1.21, 95% [CI] 1.02–1.43) and stable metabolically unhealthy overweight or obesity (MUOO) (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.17–1.48) were associated with higher risk of CA. Conclusions In the community population, obesity remains a risk factor for CA despite metabolic health. However, the risks were highest for metabolically unhealthy status across all BMI categories. A large proportion of metabolically healthy overweight or participants with obesity converts to an unhealthy phenotype over time, which is associated with an increased risk of CA.
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