Physical and electrochemical properties and application to lithium batteries of fluorinated organic solvents

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the physical and electrochemical properties and application to lithium batteries of fluorinated organic solvents. Efforts to develop improved solvents for rechargeable lithium batteries with high-energy density, oxidation durability, high liquidus range, and non-flammability for power sources of mobile equipments and electric vehicles have been undertaken by many researchers. Partially fluorinated organic solvents among the fluorinated organic solvents show fairly high polarity in comparison with that of perfluoro organic solvents. Therefore, one of the appropriate methods to find a solvent with good cell performance is the introduction of fluorine atoms into the solvent molecules. The direct fluorination is the simplest method to prepare partially fluorinated organic solvents. The chapter primarily describes physical and electrochemical properties of the partially fluorinated solvents by the use of F 2 gas to develop several important organic solvents for practical lithium batteries. Direct fluorination of γ-Butrylactone (γ-BL) is described. This includes the physical properties and electrochemical properties. Direct fluorination of ethylene carbonate (EC) is elaborated. The method of direct fluorination of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is also provided in details.