Recent Developments towards the Synthesis of Pyrimidopyrimidine and Purine Derivatives

Abstract Fused pyrimidines scaffolds such as pyrimidopyrimidines, purines and xanthines are important structural motifs found in various natural products and drug molecules. They are used as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antitumor, anti‐diabetic, adenosine potentiating, and hepatoprotective agents. Due to their diverse biological applications, the synthesis of pyrimidopyrimidines, purines and xanthines has gained great importance among the researchers in recent years. Thus, the present study aims to review the synthetic methodologies published during the years 2000–2022 for the preparation of pyrimidopyrimidines, purines and xanthines nucleus. Mechanistic interpretation of some important cases has also been discussed. This survey will help researchers working in the fields of synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry to undertake and improve new approaches for the construction of titled compounds.