兰克尔
骨免疫学
骨重建
骨保护素
免疫系统
骨吸收
破骨细胞
生物
细胞生物学
受体
免疫学
内分泌学
内科学
医学
激活剂(遗传学)
作者
Tetsu Ono,Mikihito Hayashi,Fumio Sasaki,Tomoki Nakashima
标识
DOI:10.1186/s41232-019-0111-3
摘要
Receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL) induces the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage-lineage cells into the bone-resorbing cells called osteoclasts. Because abnormalities in RANKL, its signaling receptor RANK, or decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) lead to bone diseases such as osteopetrosis, the RANKL/RANK/OPG system is essential for bone resorption. RANKL was first discovered as a T cell-derived activator of dendritic cells (DCs) and has many functions in the immune system, including organogenesis, cellular development. The essentiality of RANKL in the bone and the immune systems lies at the root of the field of "osteoimmunology." Furthermore, this cytokine functions beyond the domains of bone metabolism and the immune system, e.g., mammary gland and hair follicle formation, body temperature regulation, muscle metabolism, and tumor development. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of the functions of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in biological processes.
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