First Report of Peanut Black Rot in Shandong Province, China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 104, No. 3First Report of Peanut Black Rot in Shandong Province, China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Peanut Black Rot in Shandong Province, ChinaJing Yu, Juxiang Wu, Xia Zhang, Manlin Xu, Zhiqing Guo, Dianxu Chen, Zhimeng Zhang, Xinguo Li, Yucheng Chi, and Shubo WanJing Yuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-3032Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Juxiang WuShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Xia ZhangShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Manlin Xuhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-5110Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Zhiqing GuoShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Dianxu ChenShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Zhimeng ZhangShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, Xinguo LiBiotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China, Yucheng Chi†Corresponding authors: Y. Chi; E-mail Address: 87626681@163.com and S. Wan; E-mail Address: wansb@saas.ac.cnShandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China, and Shubo Wan†Corresponding authors: Y. Chi; E-mail Address: 87626681@163.com and S. Wan; E-mail Address: wansb@saas.ac.cnShandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, Shandong, China AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Jing Yu1 Juxiang Wu1 Xia Zhang1 Manlin Xu1 Zhiqing Guo1 Dianxu Chen1 Zhimeng Zhang1 Xinguo Li2 Yucheng Chi1 † Shubo Wan3 † 1Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong, China 2Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China 3Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, Shandong, China Published Online:30 Dec 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1557-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Black rot is one of the most important diseases in peanut production. Since the disease was first found in 1965 in Georgia (Bell and Sober 1966), it has been reported in all peanut-producing areas of the United States (Harris and Beute 1982). In August 2018, peanut plants with chlorotic or wilting leaves, blackened basal stems, and decaying roots were found in Shandong Province, China. We collected peanut plants with blackened and decaying roots for pathogen isolation. Root pieces (5 mm2) were cut from symptomatic roots, surface sterilized with 0.5% NaClO, rinsed with sterile water three times, dried on sterile filter paper, and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). The plates were incubated at 25°C in the dark for 5 to 7 days. Conidia and microsclerotia were observed after 10 to 14 days. Conidiophores were borne laterally on a stipe, terminating in a hyaline, globose vesicle 4.5 to 13.5 μm in diameter. Stipes arose at right angles from procumbent mycelia in culture, and they were septate, becoming narrower toward the apex. Conidia were cylindrical and had one to three septa (mostly one), measured 4.9 to 7.5 × 36.9 to 73.5 μm, and budded terminally from the conidiophores. Genomic DNA of one representative isolate was extracted, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) regions of rDNA were amplified and sequenced with primers ITS1 and ITS4 (Seliger 1990). The ITS sequence of the isolate, deposited in GenBank (accession no. MK990098) shared 99 to 100% similarity with Calonectria ilicicola (anamorph: Cylindrocladium parasiticum) isolates in GenBank (accession nos. MK850211, MH937739, MK123446, and KM460043). The beta-tubulin gene fragment was amplified using the T1/Bt2b primers (Glass and Donaldson 1995; O'Donnell and Cigelnik 1997) and sequenced. The beta-tubulin gene sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no. MK234246) and shared 99 to 100% similarity with C. ilicicola (anamorph: C. parasiticum) isolates in GenBank (accession nos. JX081303, JX069831, and JX069830). Phylogenetic analysis was done using neighbor-joining analysis based on the ITS and beta-tubulin sequences. The isolate was identified as C. parasiticum based on molecular analysis and morphological characteristics. Typical symptoms were incited after artificial inoculation on peanut plants grown under greenhouse conditions (30°C in the day and 25°C at night, 60% relative humidity). Six 1-month-old peanut seedlings (cv. Luhua 8) grown in 22-cm pots filled with sterilized field soil were inoculated with HF-YJ by placing 10 Cylindrocladium-infested oat seeds around the roots. Six noninoculated peanut seedlings were used as the control. The experiment was repeated three times. The pathogen C. parasiticum associated with peanut black rot was previously reported in Jiangxi (Gai et al. 2012), Fujian (Pan et al. 2012), and Guangdong (Pan et al. 2009) provinces in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. parasiticum causing peanut black rot in Shandong province. The occurrence of black rot caused by C. parasiticum in the peanut production region is economically important and a great concern for initiating disease management.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Bell, D. K., and Sober, E. K. 1966. Phytopathology 56:1361. ISI, Google ScholarGai, Y., et al. 2012. Plant Dis. 96:586. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-11-1010 Link, ISI, Google ScholarGlass, N. L., and Donaldson, G. C. 1995. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1323. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarHarris, N. E., and Beute, M. K. 1982. Peanut Sci. 9:82. https://doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-9-2-9 Crossref, Google ScholarO'Donnell, K., and Cigelnik, E. 1997. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 7:103. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1996.0376 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPan, R., et al. 2009. Plant Pathol. 58:1176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02170.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPan, R., et al. 2012. Plant Pathol. 96:583. Google ScholarSeliger, H. 1990. Trends Biotechnol. 8:335. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7799(90)90215-J Crossref, Google ScholarJ. Yu, J. Wu, and X. Zhang contributed equally to the paper.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: Funding was provided by National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0201000); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2018LC015); Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CXGC2018E21; 06210214442019, 2-18-43); and Shandong Agriculture Research System (SDAIT-04-07).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 104, No. 3 March 2020SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionPathogenicity of Lasiodiploidia pseudotheobromae in a coffee plant 3 days after inoculation (R. L. Freitas-Lopes et al.). Photo credit: U. P. Lopes. Seedling blight of soybean caused by soilborne pathogens (J. R. Lamichhane et al.). Photo credit: M. I. Chilvers. Metrics Downloaded 3,055 times Article History Issue Date: 3 Mar 2020Published: 30 Dec 2019First Look: 4 Nov 2019Accepted: 25 Oct 2019 Page: 990 Information© 2020 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingNational Key R&D Program of ChinaGrant/Award Number: 2018YFD0201000Natural Science Foundation of Shandong ProvinceGrant/Award Number: ZR2018LC015Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGrant/Award Number: CXGC2018E21Grant/Award Number: 06210214442019Grant/Award Number: 2-18-43Shandong Agriculture Research SystemGrant/Award Number: SDAIT-04-07Keywordspeanut black rotCylindrocladium parasiticumpathogenyThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.