Soybean isoflavone promotes milk yield and milk fat yield through the ERα mediated Akt/mTOR pathway in dairy goats

植物雌激素 化学 内科学 内分泌学 雌激素 体内 脂质代谢 去卵巢大鼠 基础(医学) 蛋白激酶B 雌激素受体 PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路 基因敲除 哺乳期 生物 磷酸化 信号转导 生物化学 细胞凋亡 胰岛素 医学 生物技术 怀孕 遗传学 癌症 乳腺癌
作者
Yuexin Shao,Jiangtao Huang,Manhong Wei,L.-W. Fan,Huaiping Shi,Hengbo Shi
出处
期刊:Journal of Animal Science [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:102
标识
DOI:10.1093/jas/skae352
摘要

Abstract Soybean isoflavone (SIF) in soybeans are natural phytoestrogens, which is functioned as an estrogen agonistic or antagonistic. SIF regulates the capacity of animals to synthesize triacylglycerols by directly utilizing long-chain fatty acids. However, few studies have focused on its regulatory lipid metabolism in lactating dairy goats. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of SIF on milk yield and composition using Saanen dairy goats as a model, employing both in vivo and in vitro approaches. In the in vivo phase, a total of 20 goats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group fed a basal diet, and the experimental group fed a basal diet supplemented with SIF at a dosage of 100 mg/d. The results underscored a significant elevation in serum estrogen and prolactin levels in the SIF-supplemented group (P < 0.05). Notably, SIF supplementation also displayed a higher milk fat percentage (P = 0.03). Transitioning to in vitro experimentation, the addition of SIF (75 µM) to goat mammary epithelial cells exhibited a pronounced effect on cell proliferation. It spurred cell proliferation and led to an increase in triacylglycerol levels (P < 0.05). Consistently, SIF showcased an enhancement in the expression of key genes associated with milk fat de novo synthesis. SIF demonstrated a rescuing effect on the suppressive impact of MK2206 on Akt protein phosphorylation. Importantly, the study observed that the knockdown of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression completely counteracted the effect of SIF on lipid droplet accumulation. Collectively, the current study establishes the critical role of SIF in process of fatty acid de novo in the goat mammary gland. This regulation is notably mediated through the ERα-Akt axis, thus enriching our understanding of this intricate biological process. This research sheds light on the potential benefits of SIF supplementation in dairy goat farming, ultimately contributing to improved milk production and quality.
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