Biomass-MOF composites in wastewater treatment, air purification, and electromagnetic radiation adsorption – A review

With increasing environmental pollution, evolution of efficient adsorption materials has been increasing. Excellent adsorption properties of biomass and metal–organic framework (MOF) composites have received considerable importrance in environmental pollution control. Due to their surface-based functional groups and excellent void structures, biomass materials provide numerous loading sites for MOF as renewable resources. Considering their highly adjustable characteristics, MOFs can direct the adsorption of different pollutants by adjusting pore structures and ionic properties according to the pollutant to be adsorbed. Through synergistic effects, biomass/MOF composite materials can significantly advance adsorption efficiency and capacity of the pollutants by utilizing the respective advantages of biomass-MOF materials. This review covers recent advancements in the application of biomass/MOF composite materials for water restoration, air purification, and electromagnetic radiation adsorption. It discusses the pretreatment and modification of biomass materials, the synthesis and selection of MOFs, and the impact of various pollutant adsorption mechanisms on the performance of these composite materials. This review serves as a significant reference for improving environmental pollution adsorption by exploring the potential of biomass/MOF composite materials.