[Relationship between the successful aging and survival status among the elderly from longevity areas in China].

Objective: To explore the relationship between successful aging (SA) index and the survival status among elderly from longevity areas of China. Methods: A total of 2 296 old people aged ≥65 years old from 8 longevity areas were enrolled in our baseline survey in 2012. The information of demographics characteristic, life style, self-assessed health and mood or emotional state, cognitive function, abilities of daily living and physical activity were collected by questionnaire. There were 891 SA people in total, whose SA score was 4-5. 891 SA and 1 396 non-SA participated in the follow-up study in 2014. Finally, 860 SA and non-SA people were matched by orientation analysis. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the relationship between successful aging index and survival status. Results: After 2 years of follow-up, a total of 1 442 elderly survived, with an average baseline age at (83.69±10.81) years old and 278 elderly people died, with an average baseline age at (93.41±9.05) years old. The mortality rate was 16.16% (278/1 720) in total, and it was 13.14% (113/860) in SA group, which was lower than it in non-SA group (19.19%, 165/860), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The analysis of the multivariate Cox regression showed that SA was the protective factor of the survival of the elderly after age and sex adjusted. Compared to the non-SA group, the risk of mortality rate in SA group decreased by 38%, the HR (95% CI) was 0.62 (0.49-0.79). Conclusion: The mortality rate in the SA group was low in the longevity areas in China; compared with non-SA group, the death rate in SA group reduced by 38%.目的： 研究我国长寿地区老年人成功老龄化（SA）与其生存结局的关系。 方法： 于2012年对中国8个长寿之乡的2 296名65岁及以上老年人进行基线调查，调查内容包括人口学特征、生活方式、健康状况、心境或情绪状况、认知功能、日常生活自理能力和身体活动状况。按照SA指数计分，其中有891名SA老年人（4~5分者）。2014年进行随访，共随访到891名SA老年人及1 396名非SA老年人。通过倾向性评分方法进行匹配，以SA及非SA老年人各860名作为研究对象，采用Cox比例风险模型分析SA与老年人生存结局间的关系。 结果： 1 442名老年人存活，基线年龄为（83.69±10.81）岁；278例老年人死亡，基线年龄为（93.41±9.05）岁，死亡率为16.16%（278/1 720）。SA组死亡率为13.14%（113/860），低于非SA组（19.19%，165/860）（P=0.001）。多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果表明，调整年龄和性别后，相对于非SA组的老年人，SA的老年人死亡风险降低38%，HR（95% CI）值为0.62（0.49~0.79）。 结论： 中国长寿地区SA老年人死亡率较低，相对于非SA老年人，其死亡风险降低38%。.