Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Present status

Since the first description of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Japan 40years ago, contrasting information from all over the world has emerged regarding the natural history of the disease. This review provides an overview of incidence, phenotypic expressions, clinical features, prognosis, and management of this heterogeneous clinical entity, which may play a more relevant role in the burden of sudden cardiac death than previously thought.