Lyophilized powder of velvet antler blood improves osteoporosis in OVX-induced mouse model and regulates proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblasts via Wnt/β-catenin pathway

The lyophilized powder of velvet antler blood (VAB) is a by-product of pilose antler, a supplement rich in amino acids, fatty acids, trace elements and vitamins, and it is expected to have anti-osteoporosis effects. The aim of our study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the anti-osteoporosis effects of VAB in vivo and in vitro. In vivo results indicated that VAB had the protective effects on bone tissue microarchitecture degeneration and bone mass loss in ovariectomized mice. Through an in vitro study, the ability of VAB to promote proliferation, migration and differentiation of primary osteoblasts was confirmed. Further studies have shown that VAB influences cell cycle by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus promoting proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblasts and preventing osteoporosis. According to our research results, VAB is considered to be a potential anti-osteoporosis nutrient, which may help to improve the quality of life of patients with osteoporosis.