[Detection of small airway dysfunction in bronchial asthma and its clinical application].

Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease. Small airway dysfunction (SAD) can be present in asthmatics with different phenotypes, clinical stages and varied severity, and has implication for drug efficacy and patient prognosis. Currently, there is no consensus on the criteria for SAD, and its inflammatory mechanism remains unclear. In this paper, we reviewed the research advances in the evaluation, prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of SAD in asthmatics to improve awareness of the disease.支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）是常见的慢性气道炎症性疾病。小气道功能障碍（SAD）可存在于不同表型、不同临床分期和不同病情严重程度的哮喘患者，并影响药物疗效和患者预后。目前哮喘合并SAD的判定标准未能达成共识，炎症机制尚不明确。本文对哮喘合并SAD的评估方法、发生状况、发病机制、临床特征和治疗方面的研究进展进行综述，以提高临床医生对本病的认识。.