电解质
水溶液
法拉第效率
冰点
溶剂化
无机化学
阳极
化学工程
材料科学
电池(电)
化学
离子
有机化学
电极
物理化学
功率(物理)
物理
量子力学
工程类
热力学
作者
Dongdong Wang,Huili Peng,Shaojie Zhang,Hongxia Liu,Nana Wang,Jian Yang
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202315834
摘要
Aqueous zinc metal batteries hold great promise for large-scale energy storage because of their high safety, rich material resources and low cost. However, the freeze of aqueous electrolytes hinders low-temperature operation of the batteries. Here, aqueous localized anion-cation aggregated electrolytes composed of Zn(BF4 )2 as the salt and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the diluent, are developed to improve the low-temperature performance of the Zn anode. THF promotes the inclusion of BF4- in the solvation sheath of Zn2+ , facilitating the formation of ZnF2 -rich solid-electrolyte-interphase. THF also affects the hydrogen bonding between neighboring H2 O molecules, effectively lowering the freezing point. Therefore, the full cells of Zn||polyaniline (PANI) exhibit an ultralong cycle life of 8000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.99 % at -40 °C. Impressively, the pouch cells display a high capacity retention of 86.2 % after 500 cycles at -40 °C, which demonstrates the great prospect of such electrolytes in cold regions. This work provides new insights for the design of low-temperature aqueous electrolytes.
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