Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotective Activity of Naphthalenediols in Rat Cortical Neurons

细胞保护 台盼蓝 细胞毒性 化学 神经保护 抗氧化剂 部分 立体化学 生物化学 体外 生物物理学 药理学 氧化应激 生物
作者
Mihaela Flueraru,Remmick So,William G. Willmore,Michael O. Poulter,Tony Durst,Martin Charron,James S. Wright
出处
期刊:Chemical Research in Toxicology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:19 (9): 1221-1227 被引量:9
标识
DOI:10.1021/tx060045z
摘要

Some members of the naphthalenediol family have been shown in previous work on PC-12 cells to act as effective antioxidants while being relatively nontoxic. In the present work, we extend that study to examine the effect of naphthalenediols on rat primary cortical neurons exposed to AAPH (2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride), a source of peroxyl radicals. Compounds tested included the acetylated forms of 1,2-naphthalenediol, that is, 1,2-ND, as well as 1,4-ND, 2,3-ND, 1,8-ND, and the known highly potent antioxidant (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In cytoxicity studies, cells were exposed to the compounds for 24 h, leading to observed toxicity in the order of 1,4-ND > 1,2 ND ≫ 2,3-ND ≈ EGCG > 1,8-ND. In cytoprotection studies, the desired compounds were incubated with neurons prior to AAPH exposure, and live cell counts were determined by trypan blue and/or MTT assays. Excellent protection, superior to EGCG, was provided by 2,3-ND and 1,8-ND. Additional studies using glutamate as a stressor showed that 1,8-ND had a significant protective effect at concentrations as low as 500 nM. The results can be understood on the basis of the tendency (or lack thereof) to form the corresponding quinone, which in turn depends on whether or not there is a loss of aromaticity in the ring adjacent to the quinone moiety. Thus, certain members of the family of naphthalenediols are quite cytotoxic, whereas others show promise as neuroprotective antioxidants.
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