Current Issues in the Use of fMRI-Based Neurofeedback to Relieve Psychiatric Symptoms

神经反射 精神分裂症(面向对象编程) 神经影像学 心理学 大脑活动与冥想 精神科 上瘾 功能磁共振成像 重性抑郁障碍 神经科学 医学 临床心理学 认知 脑电图
作者
Thomas Fovet,Renaud Jardri,David E.J. Linden
出处
期刊:Current Pharmaceutical Design [Bentham Science Publishers]
卷期号:21 (23): 3384-3394 被引量:46
标识
DOI:10.2174/1381612821666150619092540
摘要

fMRI-based neurofeedback (fMRI-NF) is a non-invasive technique that allows participants to achieve control of their own brain activity using the real-time feedback of the activity (measured indirectly based on the BOLD signal) of a particular brain region or network. The feasibility of fMRI-NF in healthy subjects has been documented for a variety of brain areas and neural systems, and this technique has also been proposed for the treatment of psychiatric disorders in recent years. Through a systematic review of the scientific literature this paper probes the rationale and expected applications of fMRI-NF in psychiatry, discusses issues that must be addressed in the use of this technique to treat mental disorders. Six relevant references and five ongoing studies were identified according to our inclusion criteria. These studies show that in most psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, addiction), patients are able to learn voluntary control of the neuronal activity of the targeted brain region(s). Interestingly, in some cases, this learning is associated with clinical improvement, showing that fMRI-NF can potentially be developed into a therapeutic tool. However, only low-level evidence is available to support the use of this relatively new technique in clinical practice. Notably, no randomized, controlled trial is currently available in this field of research. Finally, methodological issues and clinical perspectives (especially the potential use of pattern recognition in fMRI-NF protocols) are discussed. Keywords: Machine learning, neurofeedback, pattern recognition, psychiatric disorder, real-time fMRI, self-efficacy.
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