[Research advances in post-tuberculosis lung disease].

The burden of tuberculosis remains high in China. Although successfully cured of tuberculosis, a large proportion of patients still suffer from post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD), causing great harm to individuals and societies. PTLD is a group of heterogeneous disorders that affects airways, lung parenchyma, pleura, and/or pulmonary vasculature. The related etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear, and are likely the result of the interplay between the host immune responses, pathogens, and environmental factors. Advances in prevention and treatment mainly involve adjuvant therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation. Since PTLD patients mostly visit respiratory departments for consultation, it is essential for respiratory physicians to improve the awareness PTLD, and therefore the research progress of PTLD is reviewed.我国仍属于结核病高负担国家。很大部分肺结核患者即便在治疗成功后仍然会遭受结核后肺疾病（PTLD）之苦，给个人和社会带来很大的危害。PTLD是一组累及气道、肺实质、胸膜和（或）肺血管的多种类型的异质性疾病，其病因及发病机制尚不清楚，很可能是宿主免疫反应、病原体及环境因素相互作用的结果。预防和治疗上的进展主要是辅助治疗和肺康复。由于PTLD患者主要到呼吸科进行诊疗，非常有必要提高呼吸科医师对PTLD的认识和重视，为此就PTLD的研究进展进行综述。.