Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents

活性氧 氧化应激 细胞生物学 超氧化物 化学 生物化学 抗氧化剂 线粒体ROS 氧化磷酸化 细胞信号 信号转导 线粒体 生物
作者
Helmut Sies,Dean P. Jones
出处
期刊:Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:21 (7): 363-383 被引量:3026
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41580-020-0230-3
摘要

'Reactive oxygen species' (ROS) is an umbrella term for an array of derivatives of molecular oxygen that occur as a normal attribute of aerobic life. Elevated formation of the different ROS leads to molecular damage, denoted as 'oxidative distress'. Here we focus on ROS at physiological levels and their central role in redox signalling via different post-translational modifications, denoted as 'oxidative eustress'. Two species, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the superoxide anion radical (O2·-), are key redox signalling agents generated under the control of growth factors and cytokines by more than 40 enzymes, prominently including NADPH oxidases and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. At the low physiological levels in the nanomolar range, H2O2 is the major agent signalling through specific protein targets, which engage in metabolic regulation and stress responses to support cellular adaptation to a changing environment and stress. In addition, several other reactive species are involved in redox signalling, for instance nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and oxidized lipids. Recent methodological advances permit the assessment of molecular interactions of specific ROS molecules with specific targets in redox signalling pathways. Accordingly, major advances have occurred in understanding the role of these oxidants in physiology and disease, including the nervous, cardiovascular and immune systems, skeletal muscle and metabolic regulation as well as ageing and cancer. In the past, unspecific elimination of ROS by use of low molecular mass antioxidant compounds was not successful in counteracting disease initiation and progression in clinical trials. However, controlling specific ROS-mediated signalling pathways by selective targeting offers a perspective for a future of more refined redox medicine. This includes enzymatic defence systems such as those controlled by the stress-response transcription factors NRF2 and nuclear factor-κB, the role of trace elements such as selenium, the use of redox drugs and the modulation of environmental factors collectively known as the exposome (for example, nutrition, lifestyle and irradiation).
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
大幅提高文件上传限制,最高150M (2024-4-1)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
刚刚
小胡爱吃饭完成签到,获得积分20
1秒前
顾矜应助飘逸晓曼采纳,获得10
2秒前
Owen应助培风采纳,获得10
4秒前
Nick爱学习发布了新的文献求助10
4秒前
chiyi1994发布了新的文献求助10
5秒前
5秒前
漂亮板栗发布了新的文献求助30
7秒前
7秒前
DMMM完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
8秒前
9秒前
Nick爱学习完成签到,获得积分10
10秒前
11秒前
11秒前
居居应助锡昱采纳,获得10
12秒前
crazyant发布了新的文献求助10
13秒前
zz发布了新的文献求助20
14秒前
大模型应助bubble采纳,获得10
15秒前
15秒前
15秒前
清澄发布了新的文献求助10
17秒前
漂亮板栗完成签到,获得积分10
20秒前
科研通AI2S应助小王子采纳,获得10
20秒前
21秒前
Yyy完成签到 ,获得积分10
22秒前
22秒前
24秒前
爱静静应助寻祈采纳,获得10
24秒前
25秒前
25秒前
小柒发布了新的文献求助10
26秒前
勤恳的臻发布了新的文献求助10
26秒前
tracer526发布了新的文献求助10
27秒前
蓝胖子完成签到,获得积分0
27秒前
情红锐完成签到,获得积分10
28秒前
28秒前
30秒前
尉迟关注了科研通微信公众号
31秒前
今后应助咕咕采纳,获得10
32秒前
高分求助中
Evolution 10000
Sustainability in Tides Chemistry 2800
юрские динозавры восточного забайкалья 800
English Wealden Fossils 700
An Introduction to Geographical and Urban Economics: A Spiky World Book by Charles van Marrewijk, Harry Garretsen, and Steven Brakman 600
Diagnostic immunohistochemistry : theranostic and genomic applications 6th Edition 500
Mantiden: Faszinierende Lauerjäger Faszinierende Lauerjäger 400
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 医学 生物 材料科学 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 基因 遗传学 催化作用 物理化学 免疫学 量子力学 细胞生物学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3153347
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 2804555
关于积分的说明 7860074
捐赠科研通 2462478
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1310769
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 629396
版权声明 601794