Incidence of cervical high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma in women with high‐risk human papillomavirus and normal cervical cytology: A retrospective analysis of 1858 cases stratified by age and human papillomavirus genotype

Abstract Objective To retrospectively analyse the incidence of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions ( HSIL s) and squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC ) in women of different ages with high‐risk ( HR ) human papillomavirus ( HPV ) but with normal cytology test results stratified by age and HPV genotype. Methods In total, 1858 women with HR ‐ HPV infection but with a normal smear who received a colposcopy and biopsy between 2015 and 2016 at our institution were included. The pathological results were retrospectively analysed after stratifying by age and HPV genotype. Results Among the 1858 cases, the HSIL % in women aged 21‐29 years (10.54%) was significantly different from that in women aged 40‐49 years (19.85%; P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in the HSIL % among women aged 21‐29 years and those in the other age groups ( P > 0.05). In total, 295 cases had single HPV 16 infection. The HSIL % in patients with HPV 16/18 infection was >15%, and the 40‐49‐year age group had the highest percentage at 48.48%. For other HR ‐ HPV infections, the HSIL and SCC incidence rate was 10.41%, and there was no significant difference among the age groups; thus, women with other types of viral infections, regardless of age, should be referred to colposcopy. Conclusions Although HPV 16 is the HPV with the highest risk, other HR ‐ HPV infections can also cause a high percentage of HSIL s and SCC in women with normal cytology. Therefore, it is necessary to refer HR ‐ HPV ‐infected women aged ≥21 years for colposcopy in a timely manner to exclude potential cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer.