Deep eutectic solvents in liquid-phase microextraction: Contribution to green chemistry

In recent years, the search for the principles of green chemistry in analytical methods has grown considerably. In green analytical chemistry, solvents occupy an essential place. Some criteria are necessary for a solvent to be qualified as a green medium, such as availability, low toxicity, biodegradability, and low cost. So far, the number of green solvents available is quite limited. Many extraction techniques have emerged as alternatives to conventional extraction procedures, using green solvents. A new group of solvents known as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has emerged as a new and promising alternative for substituting traditional solvents. DESs attract attention due to their peculiar characteristics: eco-friendly, inexpensive, and simple to obtain. This work presents a critical review involving DESs in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and their contributions to green chemistry.