Physics-inspired and data-driven two-stage deep learning approach for wind field reconstruction with experimental validation

Accurate and reliable wind forecasts for urban blocks play a pivotal role in the construction of zero-energy communities by guiding the selection and placement of wind turbines and the aerodynamic design optimization of ducted openings. While relatively accurate wind fields are available based on numerical methods, their heavy computational cost and discontinuity make it necessary to explore an interactive and end-to-end method. In this study, we develop a physics-inspired and data-driven two-stage deep learning approach that can reconstruct complex wind fields precisely. The proposed method integrates a physical feature extraction model of the flow field with a sparse measurement data-driven error correction approach. In particular, a well-designed and well-trained flow field feature extraction model (original model) can preserve salient features of CFD modelling, while data-driven error correction techniques may harvest the uncertainty features and fill the remaining gaps between the original model predictions and the measured data. The proposed method is verified by a measured dataset from a community in Beijing. Experimental validation illustrates that the proposed algorithm successfully accomplishes wind field reconstruction in complex terrains using sparse datasets. We show that the proposed two-stage strategy exhibits significantly improved prediction results over the purely original method, with an average accuracy improvement of 47.17% and a maximum accuracy improvement of 72.59%. Overall, the proposed method delivers the potential in accurate wind field construction and urban wind energy forecasting.