Magnesium-organic framework modified biodegradable electrospun scaffolds for promoting osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration

Bone defects caused by disease or trauma are major challenges in clinic. Designing scaffolds capable of releasing bioactive ions and having osteogenic properties hold promise for tissue engineering. In this study, an innovative scaffold was constructed by incorporating magnesium-organic framework (MgGA) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) into poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) through an electrospinning process. The composite scaffold (P/DCPD/MgGA) with organic–inorganic components and combined with unique porous structure, enabling a long-term and steady supply of bioactive ions. In addition, in vitro assays indicated that composite scaffold show excellent biocompatibility to human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), promote extracellular matrix mineralization and substantially upregulate the expression of osteogenic-related proteins (ALP, Runx2 and OCN). In addition, the P/DCPD/MgGA scaffold facilitated the osteogenic function by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Overall, this composite scaffold carrying therapeutic magnesium-organic framework provided a new idea for bone tissue engineering.