离子交换
离子
晶体结构
选择性
水溶液
Crystal(编程语言)
星团(航天器)
铯
化学
放射性废物
结晶学
材料科学
核化学
无机化学
物理化学
有机化学
催化作用
计算机科学
程序设计语言
作者
Li Wang,Huan Pei,Debajit Sarma,Xian-Ming Zhang,Keith W. MacRenaris,Christos D. Malliakas,Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b04877
摘要
Removal of 137Cs+, one of the most hazardous radionuclides, from nuclear waste, is a challenging task because it requires simultaneously high capacity and high selectivity. Chalcogenides offer a great opportunity to design and create high-performance 137Cs+ absorbents. We report a new material (InSnOS) with facile ion-exchange properties. The anionic framework is based on corner-shared pseudo-T4 supertetrahedral oxysulfide [In8Sn12O10S34]16– clusters, resulting in the formula [In8Sn12O10S32]12–. The crystal structure features the interpenetration of two independent oxysulfide cluster frameworks which create pincer cavities based on sulfur atoms that prove highly effective for capturing Cs+ ions. The binding mode of the Cs+ ions by the material was determined by a single crystal structure refinement of a fully ion-exchanged single crystal. The structure determinations show that the small pores created by the two interpenetrating frameworks are the optimal size for capturing Cs+. This advantage makes the material very effective for the removal and recovery of 137Cs+ from aqueous solution. This framework shows not only extremely high exchange capacity (qm), 537.7 mg per g of anionic [In8Sn12O10S32]12– framework, ranking it among the best reported Cs+ sorbents, but also superior affinity and selectivity when using complex solutions simulating industrial and nuclear waste conditions.
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