Micro-hole texture prepared on PCD tool by nanosecond laser

Plenty of experimental studies have shown that the performance of the cutting tools can be improved through fabrication micro-texture on the rake surface. In this paper, a nanosecond laser with wavelength of 1064 nm is used to create micro-holes on the rake surface of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool, the influence of laser process parameters (laser power, frequency and defocusing amount) on the diameter, depth and recast layer area of micro-hole is investigated by single factor and multi-objective optimization experiments. The diameter, depth and recast layer area of micro-hole are converted into a single gray correlation degree as the detection index of micro-hole quality by the gray correlation method combined with the principal component analysis. The mathematical model between laser process parameters and gray correlation degree (GRG) is established based on the response surface method (RSM), and the adequacy of the mode for gray correlation degree is studied by ANVOA, and the optimum process parameters are obtained and verified. The results show that the average relative error of the gray correlation model is 2.67%. Ultimately, the required micro-holes are prepared by laser power of 20 W, pulse frequency of 90 kHz, and defocusing amount of-0.5468 μm.