Enhanced the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of polyacrylonitrile piezoelectric composite fibers filled with ionic liquids

Abstract Here, we demonstrate the design and application of a multifunctional piezoelectric composite nanofiber membrane. In this study, the most widely used electrospinning method, by adding a small amount of 1‐allyl‐3‐butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids and ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O) to regulate the structure and properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), the mechanical properties, piezoelectric properties, dielectric properties, and ferroelectric properties of composite nanofibers were improved. The results show that the piezoelectric properties of PAN composite fibers are greatly improved under the action of dual fillers. At 10 3 Hz, the dielectric constant of the PAN composite fiber is as high as 8.24, which is three times that of the pure PAN fiber. The sensor made from the composite nanofibers exhibits excellent sensitivity and high saturation polarization. At low pressure (<1 kPa), the sensitivity of the composite fiber is as high as 0.51 kPa. When we tap the sensor with our finger, the PAN composite fiber produces high piezoelectric output (5.7 V). The results show that the composite nanofibers have great potential in energy storage devices and flexible piezoelectric sensors, among other fields.