Deep learning in disease vector image identification

Abstract Vector‐borne diseases (VBDs) represent a critical global public health concern, with approximately 80% of the world's population at risk of one or more VBD. Manual disease vector identification is time‐consuming and expert‐dependent, hindering disease control efforts. Deep learning (DL), widely used in image, text, and audio tasks, offers automation potential for disease vector identification. This paper explores the substantial potential of combining DL with disease vector identification. Our aim is to comprehensively summarize the current status of DL in disease vector identification, covering data collection, data preprocessing, model construction, evaluation methods, and applications in identification spanning from species classification to object detection and breeding site identification. We also discuss the challenges and possible prospects for DL in disease vector identification for further research. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.