化学
膜
渗透
共价键
纳滤
高分辨率透射电子显微镜
化学工程
透射电子显微镜
溶剂
共价有机骨架
纳米技术
有机化学
渗透
生物化学
材料科学
工程类
作者
Li Cao,Cailing Chen,Shuhao An,Ting Xu,Xiaowei Liu,Zhen Li,I-Chun Chen,Jun Miao,Guanxing Li,Yu Han,Zhiping Lai
摘要
The creation of uniformly molecular-sized through-pores within polymeric membranes and the direct evidence of these pores are essential for fundamentally understanding the transport mechanism and improving separation efficiency. Herein, we report an electric-field-assisted interface synthesis approach to fabricating large-area covalent organic framework (COF) membranes that consist of preferentially oriented single-crystalline COF domains. These single-crystalline frameworks were translated into high-density, vertically aligned through-pores across the entire membrane, enabling the direct visualization of membrane pores with an ultrahigh resolution of 2 Å using the low-dose high-resolution transmission electron microscopy technique (HRTEM). The density of directly visualized through-pores was quantified to be 1.2 × 1017 m–2, approaching theoretical predictions. These COF membranes demonstrate ultrahigh solvent permeability, which is 10 times higher than that of state-of-the-art organic solvent nanofiltration membranes. When applied to high-value pharmaceutical separations, their COF membranes exhibit 2 orders of magnitude higher methanol permeance and 20-fold greater enrichment efficiency than their commercial counterparts.
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