Isolation and characterization of lignin from Moroccan sugar cane bagasse: Production of lignin–phenol-formaldehyde wood adhesive

lignin-based materials were isolated from Moroccan sugar cane bagasse after alkaline delignification. Sugar cane bagasse was subjected to hot water (70 °C) and alkaline aqueous solutions (15% of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 98 °C) treatments. The dissolved lignin macromolecules were separated and purified. The isolated solid was then characterized by different complementary analysis (FT-IR; 1H, 13C NMR; GPC and TGA). In the present work, the possibility of preparing wood adhesives from bagasse lignin has been explored. The results showed that the delignification with 15% NaOH resulted in yields of cellulose and lignin of 42 ± 2.2% and 13 ± 1.5%, respectively. The extracted lignin scaffolds exhibits high reactivity due to the high content of hydroxyl group. Their higher molecular weight (2781 g/mol) and good thermal stability (180 °C) make them excellent candidates for partial substitution of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin. A resin formulation in which up to 30% of PF can be substituted by bagasse lignin gave good results and was employed for the elaboration of plywood panels which passed relevant international standard specifications for interior-grade panels.